Section D
LITERATURE TEXTBOOK (40 marks)
6 Read the given extracts A and B and answer ANY ONE of the two. 5
A.
He just felt a bit dizzy Then he flapped his wings once and he soared upwards. “Ga, ga, ga, Ga, ga, ga, Gaw-col-ah,” his mother swooped past him, her wings making a loud noise. He answered her with another scream. Then his father flew over him screaming. He saw his two brothers and his sister flying around him curvetting and banking and soaring and diving. Then he completely forgot that he had not always been able to fly, and commended himself to dive and soar and curve, shrieking shrilly.
(Two Stories About Flying – First Flight)
I Contradict the view that the young seagull celebrated his maiden flight alone. 2
II Which of the following statements best explains the young seagull’s experience as he starts flying?
a) The young seagull immediately mastered flying and was no longer afraid.
b) The young seagull gradually gained confidence and joined his family in the air. 1
III What can be inferred about the young seagull’s emotional state after flying with his family? 1
IV Read the following sound and movement words.
i) flapped ii) shrieking iii) swooped iv) soared v) screaming
Select the option that correctly categorises (i)–(v) into sound and movement words.
| No. | Sound | Movement |
|---|---|---|
| A | i, ii, v | iii, iv |
| B | iv, v | i, ii, iii |
| C | ii, v | i, iii, iv |
| D | v | i, ii, iii, iv |
Answer:
A
I The young seagull did not celebrate his maiden flight alone. His mother and father encouraged him by flying past him and prompting him. Additionally, his siblings, were flying around him, further motivating him. The collective presence of his family made the victory a shared experience rather than a solitary one.
II b) The young seagull gradually gained confidence and joined his family in the air.
[wasn’t immediate as he felt dizzy initially]
III The young seagull feels a sense of accomplishment and excitement, as he forgets that he was once afraid to fly and embraces the thrill of soaring and diving with his family.
IV C. ii, v (sound)
i, iii, iv (movement)
OR
B. Historian: …You haven’t heard about the Martian invasion of 2040? Tsk, tsk. What do they teach children nowadays? Well, you know, the invasion never really happened, because a single book stopped it. What was the book, you ask? A noble encyclopaedia? A tome about rockets and missiles? A secret file from outer space? No, it was none of those. It was — but here, let me turn on the historiscope and show you what happened many centuries ago, in 2040. (She turns on projector, and points it left. Spotlight on Historian goes out…)
(The Book That saved the Earth)
I What does the pause indicated by the dash in the line ‘It was — but here, let me turn on the historiscope and show you’ convey? i) a sense of impatience and frustration ii) a point of suspense and anticipation iii) a moment of confusion and hesitation iv) a sudden shift to lightheartedness v) a reflective moment of deep thought
- A. i, ii, v
- B. Only ii
- C. iii and iv
- D. Only v
II How do the stage directions, such as ‘Historian turns on projector’ and ‘Spotlight on Historian goes out,’ contribute to the atmosphere and understanding of the scene in this part of the play? 2
III Select the option that correctly completes the following.
The Historian dismisses the noble encyclopaedia and rockets because she wants to ______
a) convey the importance of scientific knowledge and military power in stopping the invasion.
b) stress the surprising and unexpected nature of the book that stopped the invasion. 1
IV What emotion is the Historian most likely conveying with the phrase ‘Tsk, tsk’? 1
Answer:
OR
B
I B. Only ii [ the pause creates an expectation for the audience, setting the stage for a revelation and keeping them intrigued]
II The stage directions, like turning on the projector and dimming the spotlight, help create a shift in focus and set the tone for the scene. The projector signals a transition from narration to visual storytelling, while the fading spotlight on the Historian reveals the movement toward the next key action or character, heightening the suspense and anticipation of the forthcoming revelation. These technical elements guide the audience’s attention and contribute to the play’s overall pacing and dramatic effect.
III b) stress the surprising and unexpected nature of the book that stopped the invasion.
IV disappointment / disapproval
7 Read the given extracts A and B and answer ANY ONE of the two. 5
A. He is learning, well behind his desperate eyes, The epistemology of loss, how to stand up Knowing what every man must one day know And most know many days, how to stand up. (The Ball Poem)
I What emotions are most appropriately conveyed by the phrase ‘desperate eyes’ and ‘epistemology of loss’?
i) despair
ii) anger
iii) frustration
iv) confusion
v) helplessness
Select the correct option.
A. i, iii
B. i, iv, v
C. ii, iii, iv
D. iv, v 1
II What does the phrase ‘how to stand up’ suggest about the boy’s emotional growth? 2
III Which phrase from the extract conveys the poet’s idea that loss is universal? 1
IV Fill in the blank with a phrase to suitably complete the sentence. The loss of his ball symbolises ___ in life. 1
Answer:
A.
I B. i, iv, v [ ‘anger’ and ‘frustration’ are less appropriate because the focus is on emotional confusion, helplessness, and the acceptance of loss, rather than a reaction of resistance or blockage. The boy’s emotional state is about grappling with a deeper understanding of life’s impermanence, rather than lashing out at the loss or the situation.]
II The phrase ‘how to stand up’ suggests that the boy is learning to confront and cope with the emotional impact of loss. It signifies his emotional growth, as he begins to understand that facing grief is an essential part of life. This realisation helps to teach him to recover from hardship and accept the inevitability of loss.
III ‘most know’
IV the inevitable hardships / the hardships / the first encounter with grief / the harsh realities / the fleeting nature of joy / the transient nature of material possessions
OR
B. Or if some time when roaming round,
A noble wild beast greets you,
With black stripes on a yellow ground,
Just notice if he eats you.
This simple rule may help you learn
The Bengal Tiger to discern. (How to tell Wild Animals)
I What does the poet imply by referring to the Bengal Tiger as a ‘noble wild beast’?
A. The tiger is majestic and dignified despite its ferocity.
B. The tiger is kind and considerate toward humans.
C. The tiger has a royal lineage and should be revered.
D. The tiger is a symbol of fear and destruction. 1
II Complete the following suitably.
The word ‘ground’ in the line ‘With black stripes on a yellow ground’ refers to _. 1
III How does the poet use humour in the description of the Bengal Tiger? 2
IV Identify the phrase in the poem that is advisory in nature. 1
Answer:
B.
I A. The tiger is majestic and dignified despite its ferocity.
II …the background colour of the tiger’s coat, which is yellow
III The poet uses humour to present the Bengal Tiger’s dangerous nature in a light-hearted way. By describing it as ‘noble’ but humorously suggesting identification through being eaten, the poet softens the fear associated with the tiger and makes its ferocity entertaining The playful tone and the ironic contradiction between calling the tiger ‘noble’ and focusing on its ferocity create a humorous effect, making the tiger’s dangerous nature seem amusing rather than frightening.
IV ‘This simple rule may help you learn’
8 Answer ANY FOUR of the following five questions, in about 50 words each. 4×3=12
I Otters are known for their peculiar behavioural traits. Support this statement with reference to any two traits mentioned in ‘Mijbil the Otter.’ 3
II How does the use of repetition in the poem ‘Amanda!’ highlight the speaker’s expectations and Amanda’s responses? 3
III How can Nelson Mandela’s vision of ‘liberating both the oppressed and the oppressor’ be applied in modern-day societies to address issues of inequality and discrimination? (Nelson Mandela – Long Walk to Freedom) 3
IV How does the line ‘and then moves on’ reflect the transient nature of the fog thereby contributing to the poem’s deeper message about life’s impermanence? (Fog) 3
V How does Chubukov’s reaction to Lomov’s marriage proposal reflect his priorities and values? (The Proposal) 3
Answers:
I
(Any two)
Love for movement in water – Otters cannot tolerate static water. Mijbil overturned bowls, sat in them, or splashed water until it overflowed, ensuring water was always in motion.
Curiosity – Mijbil explored his surroundings keenly, investigating objects and trying to interact with his environment, such as fumbling with taps to turn them on.
Juggling skills – Mijbil could juggle marbles on his belly while lying on his back, displaying dexterity and coordination.
II The repetition highlihts the speaker’s constant expectations, reinforcing Amanda’s lack of freedom and autonomy. The repeated commands like ‘Don’t bite your nails’ highlight the pressure placed on Amanda.
In contrast, Amanda’s imaginative escapes, which are not repetitive, reflect her desire for independence and freedom, showcasing the tension between external control and her longing for self-expression.
3
III
This vision can be applied in modern societies by fostering dialogue, understanding, and reconciliation between different groups. Addressing inequality requires not only empowering marginalised communities but also educating and transforming the mindsets of those who perpetuate discrimination, breaking the cycle of hatred and prejudice. This dual approach ensures lasting peace and equality.
IV The line symbolises the fleeting and impermanent nature of the fog, paralleling the transient moments in life. Just as the fog quietly arrives, lingers briefly, and disappears, so too do many moments in life that come and go without warning, often leaving a lasting impression or a sense of reflection. This imagery reinforces the poem’s theme that, like fog, many experiences are temporary, quietly arriving and departing without notice, leaving behind a sense of mystery and contemplation.
V Chubukov’s reaction to Lomov’s marriage proposal reflects his opportunistic and materialistic priorities. He enthusiastically embraces the proposal, showing relief and joy, not because of Lomov’s love for Natalya but due to the potential benefits of securing a marriage for his daughter with a neighbouring landowner. His exaggerated affection for Lomov, calling him ‘my dear fellow,’ contrasts sharply with his prior suspicions. This reveals Chubukov’s value for a status in society and economic security over genuine emotional connections.
9 Answer ANY TWO of the following three questions, in about 40-50 words. 2×3=6
I How does ‘The Necklace’ illustrate the significance of honesty as the key element for leading a happy and stress-free life? 3
II Briefly evaluate the validity of the adage ‘Values are caught, not taught’, in the context of the relationship between Anil and Hari Singh in ‘The Thief’s Story’. 3
III Griffin’s experiences moments of comfort and normalcy while being invisible. How do these fleeting moments impact his sense of identity and his actions throughout ‘Footprints Without Feet’?
Answers:
I Matilda’s decision to replace the necklace without telling her friend the truth leads to a decade of suffering – how dishonesty can result in unforeseen consequences that affect one’s well-being.
The act of lying causes unnecessary stress and anxiety – Matilda and her husband live in constant fear of being found out, which affects their physical and emotional health.
If Matilda had admitted her mistake, the outcome could have been very different – honesty fosters peace of mind.
II The statement ‘Values are caught, not taught’ is evident in the story, particularly in the incident when Hari Singh steals Anil’s money but later decides to return it. Anil’s silent trust and kindness, such as forgiving Hari Singh’s failed attempt at cooking and teaching him to read and write, deeply impact the thief. These actions, rather than words, teach Hari Singh the value of trust and honesty, prompting him to choose integrity over theft.
III Griffin’s fleeting moments of comfort, such as finding warmth and food, momentarily restore his sense of normalcy but quickly highlight his isolation. These experiences deepen his frustration and longing for connection, influencing his actions. His desperation for survival leads him to steal, disguise himself, and ultimately resort to violence, revealing the emotional toll and the erosion of his identity as he becomes increasingly detached from society.
10 Answer ANY ONE of the following two questions, in about 100-120 words 1 x 6
A. How does literature like ‘The Baker from Goa,’ ‘Coorg,’ and ‘Tea from Assam’ contribute to promoting tourism and raising awareness about regional cultures and traditions? 6
OR
B. The poems, ‘The Trees’ and ‘A Tiger in the Zoo’ resonate the theme of importance of freedom and the desire to break free from any kind of dominance. Examine. 6
Answers:
A.
It plays a significant role in promoting tourism by showcasing the unique cultural, historical, and natural elements of these regions. Each narrative vividly describes local traditions, landscapes, and lifestyles, sparking interest in these destinations among readers.
‘The Baker from Goa’ highlights the enduring Goan tradition of baking, the cultural significance of the baker’s role, and the idyllic charm of the region. By focusing on the local customs and the nostalgia of childhood memories, it attracts visitors eager to experience Goa’s rich heritage, culinary delights, and laid-back atmosphere.
‘Coorg’ introduces readers to the region’s beautiful landscapes, rich history, and distinct culture. It entices tourists by describing the Coorgi people’s martial traditions, hospitality, and connection to nature.
‘Tea from Assam’ presents Assam as a tea haven, talking about its tea gardens, picturesque landscapes, and cultural significance. The story highlights the importance of tea in Assam’s history, making it an attractive destination for travellers keen on exploring the tea estates, learning about tea cultivation, and experiencing the region’s serene beauty.
Conclusion
The detailed depictions of these regions, make them effective tools for promoting tourism by encouraging people to visit and experience these unique places firsthand.
OR
B. (Response to be created largely from the first point combined with either the second or third point)
The trees are metaphorically trapped within the house, with their roots disengaging from the cracks in the veranda. Their movement toward the forest represents a yearning for freedom and a return to their natural state.
The tiger is physically confined to a cage in the zoo, symbolising the desire to break free from captivity and return to the wild. The tiger’s restlessness in the cage mirrors the internal struggle for freedom.
The trees symbolise natural growth and freedom. Their release from the house signifies nature’s tolerance and the need for unrestricted growth, much like the human desire to escape limitations that are either physical or the society’s.
The tiger represents the power of nature and wildness that is stifled by human confinement. The metaphorical connection to freedom is portrayed through the tiger’s yearning for the freedom to roam freely in its natural habitat.
The movement of the trees towards the forest symbolises liberation from human-made boundaries, stressing how freedom brings renewal and natural growth.
The zoo represents oppression, where the tiger’s desire for freedom is unmet. The contrast between the freedom of the wild and the limitations of captivity is stark, showcasing the tiger’s struggle.
11 Answer ANY ONE of the following two questions, in about 100-120 words. 1 x 6
A. How does the author use the narrative technique of misdirection in ‘The Midnight Visitor’, to enhance the suspense and the story’s unexpected ending? 6
OR
B. Comment critically on the role of the Surgery in the ‘The Triumph of Surgery’. 6
Answers:
A. The author uses the narrative technique of misdirection masterfully in ‘The Midnight Visitor’ to enhance suspense and deliver an unexpected ending.
From the beginning, the reader is led to believe in the existence of a balcony through Ausable’s fabricated story. By confidently describing how the balcony has been used for intrusions in the past, Ausable creates a believable scenario. This misdirection not only deceives Max but also builds tension as the reader anticipates how the balcony might play a role in the unfolding events.
The suspense peaks when Max, in a desperate attempt to avoid the ‘police,’ decides to escape through the balcony—only to realise too late that it doesn’t exist. This clever twist destabilises expectations and highlights Ausable’s wit and resourcefulness.
The use of misdirection keeps the reader engaged and ensures a surprising and satisfying conclusion to the story.
OR
B. The role of the Surgery in the story is pivotal, both as a place of physical recovery and as a catalyst for Tricki’s transformation. Critically, the Surgery represents a contrast to the overindulgent environment at Mrs. Pumphrey’s home. While Mrs. Pumphrey’s pampering and excessive feeding led to Tricki’s ill health, the Surgery offers a more balanced, structured environment where Tricki receives proper care, including a strict diet, exercise, and, importantly, social interaction with other dogs, all of which contribute significantly to his recovery.
The Surgery symbolises not just medical intervention but a shift toward responsible pet care, bringing up the important aspect of a pet’s well-being which requires more than affection and indulgence.
Through Tricki’s recovery at the Surgery, the writer critiques overindulgence and highlights the importance of holistic, responsible care for pets, both physically and emotionally.